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Thomas Innes of Learney


Sir Thomas Innes of Learney, GCVO, WS (1893-1971) was Lord Lyon from 1945 to 1969, after having been Carrick Pursuivant and Albany Herald in the 1930s. He was a very active Lord Lyon, strongly promoting his views of what his office was through his writings and pronouncements in his Court. In 1950, he convinced the Scots Law Times to start publishing the decisions made in Lyon Court. By ruling on uncontested petitions, he was able to expound many of his theories in court but not under review of his superior court, and get them published in the judicial record. His treatise, Scots Heraldry, was first published in 1934 when he was Carrick Pursuivant; then a second, enlarged edition came out in 1956, and it has practically eclipsed earlier works on the subject. Following his retirement as Lord Lyon in 1969, he was appointed Marchmont Herald. 		thomas_learney
Sir Thomas Innes of Learney, GCVO, WS, Lord Lyon King of Arms : 1893-1971
Innes of Learney's writings contain a number of theories which. at a time when English armorial law had come to dominate even Scottish heraldry, may have seemed quite novel, despite his claims that they were grounded in Scotland's feudal past. Most notable is the claim that a grant of arms in Scotland confers what he calls "noblesse" and equates with nobility. There are also other claims, such as his right to decide disputes over chiefships of clans or branches of clans, his right to decide disputes of precedence, his right to confer nobility to non-physical persons such as corporations or associations, etc. These rights are still (2007) being exercised by the Court of the Lord Lyon. As a highly qualified jurist, in 'Scots Heraldry' and in his revision of Adam's 'The Clans, Septs and Regiments of the Scottish Highlands' as well as in 'The Tartans of the Clans and Families of Scotland' he offers ample evidence from ancient legal documents as well as more recent parliament and court decisions to support his position.

Written Works
  • Armorial Conveyancing (by Learney as Albany Herald, in: Notes and Queries.1941; 180: 128-133
  • Adams, Frank, revised by Sir Thomas Innes of Learney, Lord Lyon King of Arms, The Clans, Septs and Regiments of the Scottish Highlands, 4th ed. Edinburgh & London 1952. (First published 1908, 2nd ed. 1924, 3rd ed. 1934) - Important and authoritative additions by Learney as the Lord Lyon King of Arms.
  • Law of Succession in Ensigns Armorial.
  • Scots Heraldry, W. & A.K. Johnston Limited, Edinburgh & London: 1938. 2nd ed. revised and enlarged, Edinburgh & London 1956. 3rd ed. revised by Malcolm R. Innes of Edingight, Marchmont Herald (his son, later Lord Lyon King of Arms)London & Edinburgh 1978.
  • The Tartans of the Clans and Families of Scotland, 1st ed. 1938, 2nd ed. 1945, 3rd ed. 1947, 4th ed. 1948, 5th ed. 1950,reprinted 1952, 6th ed. 1958, 7th ed. Edinburgh & London 1964.